Truck driving is one of the most essential professions in the U.S., but it also comes with significant safety risks. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, truck drivers experience a high rate of workplace injuries, many of which are preventable with proper precautions.
Prioritizing truck driver safety is essential, especially for short-haul and local drivers who navigate frequent stops, city traffic, and tight delivery schedules.
Common causes of truck driver injuries
Unlike long-haul drivers, short-haul and local drivers face unique risks due to frequent loading and unloading, increased time spent outside the cab, and regular interactions with delivery sites.
Some of the most common causes of injuries among truck drivers include:
- Slips, trips, and falls – Entering and exiting the cab multiple times a day increases the risk of falls, especially in wet or icy conditions. Loose steps and failing to maintain three points of contact can lead to serious injuries.
- Lifting and handling injuries – Many short-haul drivers move heavy freight, putting strain on the back, shoulders, and knees when using improper lifting techniques.
- Vehicle collisions – Even local drivers spend hours on the road, increasing exposure to distracted drivers, sudden stops, and hazardous road conditions.
- Exposure to hazardous materials – Drivers transporting chemicals or dangerous cargo risk injuries without proper handling procedures or personal protective equipment (PPE).
- Fatigue and stress – Tight schedules and long shifts can lead to exhaustion, increasing the likelihood of mistakes, injuries, or accidents.
Also read: What is a DOT Physical?
Essential safety tips for short-haul truck drivers
While some risks are unavoidable, many injuries can be prevented by following best practices. An excellent source of truck driver safety resources is the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) website, and we suggest all short-haul and local drivers familiarize themselves with their recommendations.
Here are key safety measures every local and short-haul truck driver should prioritize:
1. Inspect, enter, and exit safely
Truck driver safety begins before even starting the engine. Conducting thorough pre-trip and post-trip inspections helps identify mechanical issues before they become hazards. Check tires, brakes, lights, and fluid levels, and report any defects immediately.
When getting in and out of the cab:
- Always use three points of contact—two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand.
- Before stepping down, inspect the ground for ice, puddles, or uneven surfaces.
- Avoid jumping from the cab, as it can strain joints over time.
2. Handle cargo and equipment the right way
Short-haul drivers frequently handle cargo and equipment, making proper lifting and securing techniques essential. To prevent injuries:
- Lift with your legs, not your back, and avoid twisting while carrying loads.
- Secure tools and equipment inside the truck to prevent them from shifting during transit.
- Ensure the truck is well-maintained, with brakes, tires, and lights checked regularly.
- Use navigation systems to plan efficient routes and avoid last-minute lane changes.
Also read: How Much Do Truck Drivers Make?
3. Stay alert and drive defensively
Local truck drivers operate in high-traffic areas, making defensive driving a critical skill. There are many ways drivers can be proactive to stay safe behind the wheel:
- Obey the speed limit, especially in construction zones and residential areas.
- Watch for blind spots. Use mirrors frequently and be aware of smaller vehicles around you.
- Brake early to account for stopping distances, especially in heavy traffic or bad weather.
- Maintain a safe following distance to allow for sudden stops.
- Take corners slowly to prevent rollovers or cargo shifting.
- Always use turn signals well in advance to communicate intentions to other drivers.
4. Familiarize yourself with new routes and vehicles ahead of time
Driving a new route or new equipment for the first time creates risk. Defensive driving can start before you even enter the vehicle. When driving a new route, pre-planning helps set the driver up for success in unfamiliar situations. Some strategies to prepare yourself before you get on the road include:
- Shadow a drive who had experience with the route.
- Talk over the details of the route with someone who has run it previously.
- Identify locations of potential risks (e.g., hills, tight corners, blind spots, animal crossings, etc.).
- Read the vehicle’s operation manual and complete appropriate pre-checks.
- Talk to drivers who have a history using the equipment.
5. Manage fatigue and minimize distractions
Drowsy or distracted driving can be just as dangerous as impaired driving. It may be tempting for drivers to turn to energy drinks or highly caffeinated beverages, but these options are both unhealthy and can impair drivers by causing anxiety or sleep disturbances later on. To stay focused and alert:
- Take scheduled breaks and get enough sleep before long shifts.
- Avoid multitasking. Adjust GPS settings and music before starting the trip.
- Limit phone use while driving and use hands-free devices when necessary.
- Eat balanced meals and stay hydrated to maintain energy levels throughout the day.
6. Be ready for changing conditions and emergencies
Weather and road conditions can change rapidly, so being prepared is key. Here’s how[PS3] drivers can stay safe in unpredictable situations:
- Check weather reports before each trip and adjust routes if necessary.
- Conducting pre-checks that include tires, brakes, wipers, and lights is critical.
- Keep emergency supplies on hand, including a flashlight, first aid kit, jumper cables, and extra food and water.
- Drive cautiously in rain, snow, or fog. Slow down and increase following distance.
- Watch for sudden hazards like potholes, debris, or animals, especially on rural roads.
- Have a plan for breakdowns, including roadside assistance contacts and emergency procedures.
- Be familiar with the type of camera equipment on your truck and what views are available. Cameras with a recording function protect the driver if there is an accident for validation and insurance purposes.
For more information on safe trucking practices, visit OSHA’s general trucking safety page.
Truck driver safety starts with you
Truck drivers play a crucial role in keeping the supply chain running, and their safety should always be a top priority. Local and short-haul drivers can significantly reduce their risk of injury by following best practices, performing regular vehicle checks, and staying alert. Just as importantly, speak up! If you spot a potential safety issue, don’t brush it aside because the next driver of that vehicle or on that road could be negatively impacted. We’re in this together.
